Polylactic acid (PLA), also known as polylactide, is a polyester polymerized with lactic acid as a raw material. Polylactic acid has excellent biodegradability, compatibility and absorption. Polylactic acid is a non-toxic, non-irritating synthetic polymer material. Its raw material is lactic acid, which is mainly derived from the fermentation of starch (such as corn and rice). It can also be obtained from cellulose, kitchen garbage or fish waste. Compared with traditional plastics, polylactic acid can be degraded into CO2 and H2O by microorganisms and light. Its degradation products are non-toxic and harmless, and will not pollute the environment. The monomer producing polylactic acid is lactic acid, and lactic acid can be produced by fermentation of crops or agricultural by-products such as wheat, rice and sugar beet. Therefore, the raw materials for the production of polylactic acid are renewable. As an emerging biodegradable material, polylactic acid has a wide range of applications.
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